Which equation correctly represents the third ionization of copper?

Which equation correctly represents the third ionization of copper? It’s just like the second ionization question! but instead of a 2+, its a 3+.

Which equation represents the electron affinity of sodium?

Electron Affinity of Sodium is 52.8 kJ/mol. Electronegativity of Sodium is 0.93. In other words, it can be expressed as the neutral atom’s likelihood of gaining an electron. Note that, ionization energies measure the tendency of a neutral atom to resist the loss of electrons.

What is the trend of electron affinity?

Electron affinity increases upward for the groups and from left to right across periods of a periodic table because the electrons added to energy levels become closer to the nucleus, thus a stronger attraction between the nucleus and its electrons.

What is Oxygen’s electron affinity?

Electron Affinity of Oxygen is 141 kJ/mol. Electronegativity of Oxygen is 3.44. An atom of Oxygen in the gas phase, for example, gives off energy when it gains an electron to form an ion of Oxygen.

Why energy is released when electron is added?

When electrons are added to an atom, the increased negative charge puts stress on the electrons already there, causing energy to be released. When electrons are removed from an atom, that process requires energy to pull the electron away from the nucleus. Addition of an electron releases energy from the process.

Why 2nd and 3rd electron affinities are endothermic?

2nd Electron Affinity is always endothermic since an additional electron is added to a negative ion. Energy is absorbed to overcome inter-electronic repulsion between two negatively charged species.

Why is 2nd ionization energy higher?

The second ionization energy of Mg is larger than the first because it always takes more energy to remove an electron from a positively charged ion than from a neutral atom. The first ionization energy of aluminum is smaller than magnesium.

What element has the most negative electron affinity?

Fluorine, therefore, has a lower affinity for an added electron than does chlorine. Consequently, the elements of the third row (n = 3) have the most negative electron affinities.

Which element has the smallest atomic radius?

helium

Which has the largest first ionization energy?

helium

What are the exceptions to electron affinity?

In general, exceptions arise when new subshells are being filled/half-filled, or in cases where the atom is too small. In the first case, Be and Mg are interesting examples: they have a positive electron affinity (just like N, in fact) because of the energy difference between the s and p subshells.

Which has highest electron affinity?

chlorine