How do you determine electron affinity?

The less valence electrons an atom has, the least likely it will gain electrons. Electron affinity decreases down the groups and from right to left across the periods on the periodic table because the electrons are placed in a higher energy level far from the nucleus, thus a decrease from its pull.

What is electron affinity with example?

Electron affinity is the energy change that results from adding an electron to a gaseous atom. For example, when a fluorine atom in the gaseous state gains an electron to form F⁻(g), the associated energy change is -328 kJ/mol.

What is the electron affinity of selenium?

The electron affinity of selenium is 195.0 kJ mol^‑1.

Why is the electron affinity of fluorine negative?

Fluorine has a negative value as energy is released when the electron is gained. This is because there is an attraction between the protons in the nucleus and the added electrons.

Which has highest electron affinity?

chlorine

What is a positive electron affinity?

Lesson Summary. The electron affinity is the energy change when an atom gains electrons. The convention is that the higher or more positive the electron affinity value, the more readily the atom accepts an electron.

What is affinity?

: a strong liking for or attraction to someone or something They had much in common and felt a close affinity. affinity.

Which element has the smallest electron affinity?

mercury

What is difference between electronegativity and electron affinity?

Electronegativity is defined as a chemical property which decides the propensity of an atom to attract an electron. In the year 1932, Linus Pauling proposed the concept of electronegativity. Electron affinity is defined as the amount of energy liberated when a molecule or neutral atom acquires an electron from outside.

Is electron affinity negative or positive?

Unlike ionization energies, which are always positive for a neutral atom because energy is required to remove an electron, electron affinities can be negative (energy is released when an electron is added), positive (energy must be added to the system to produce an anion), or zero (the process is energetically neutral)

What is Oxygen’s electron affinity?

Electron Affinity of Oxygen is 141 kJ/mol. Electronegativity of Oxygen is 3.44. An atom of Oxygen in the gas phase, for example, gives off energy when it gains an electron to form an ion of Oxygen.

Do noble gases have electron affinity?

The major exception to this rule are the noble gases. They are small atoms and do follow the general trend for ionization energies. Any electrons added to a noble gas would have to be the first electron in a new (larger) energy level. This causes the noble gases to have essentially zero electron affinity.

What are the exceptions to electron affinity?

In general, exceptions arise when new subshells are being filled/half-filled, or in cases where the atom is too small. In the first case, Be and Mg are interesting examples: they have a positive electron affinity (just like N, in fact) because of the energy difference between the s and p subshells.

What factors affect electron affinity?

Factors Affecting Electron AffinityNUCLEAR CHARGE. Greater the nuclear charge, greater will be the attraction for the incoming electron and as a result larger will be the value of electron affinity.ATOMIC SIZE. Larger the size of an atom, larger will be the distance between the nucleus and the incoming electron. ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION.