How does pH affect cell potential?

So, we have the following conditions: As the pH decreases, the solution is more acidic, so 10−pH=[H+] increases and 10pH−14=[OH−] decreases. If H+ is a product, Q therefore increases, and the nonstandard cell potential decreases. If H+ is a reactant, Q therefore decreases, and the nonstandard cell potential increases.

What does the Nernst equation tell you?

In electrochemistry, the Nernst equation is an equation that relates the reduction potential of an electrochemical reaction (half-cell or full cell reaction) to the standard electrode potential, temperature, and activities (often approximated by concentrations) of the chemical species undergoing reduction and oxidation

How does pH affect reduction potential?

As the concentration of hydrogen ions increases (and pH decreases), the redox potential increases: A decrease of one pH unit (10 ˣ more acidic) is accompanied by an increase in redox potential of 59 mV at 25 °C. As the concentration of hydrogen ions decreases (and pH increases), the redox potential decreases.

What does the Nernst equation allow us to calculate?

The Nernst equation allows us to determine the spontaneous direction of any redox reaction under any reaction conditions from values of the relevant standard electrode potentials. Because ΔG = 0 at equilibrium, the measured potential of a concentration cell is zero at equilibrium (the concentrations are equal).

What is the importance of Nernst equation?

The Nernst equation is an important relation which is used to determine reaction equilibrium constants and concentration potentials as well as to calculate the minimum energy required in electrodialysis as will be shown later.

What is the relation between EMF and pH?

pH doesn’t affect the Nernst equation. But the Nernst equation predicts the cell potential of reactions that depend on pH. If H⁺ is involved in the cell reaction, then the value of E will depend on the pH.

How does temperature affect Nernst equation?

The Nernst equation (Eq 11.4-13) shows that the potential is dependent on temperature; thus a small temperature change, such as 1°C, can have an effect, typically 2%, on the electrode potential [53].

What is N in G =- nFE?

The relationship between ΔGo Δ G o and Eo is given by the following equation: ΔGo=−nFEo. Here, n is the number of moles of electrons and F is the Faraday constant (96,485Coulombsmole ).

What is the reaction quotient equation?

By calculating Q (products/reactants), you can compare it to the K value (products/reactants AT EQUILIBRIUM) to see if the reaction is at equilibrium or not. If Q=K, the reaction is at equilibrium.

Is negative ORP good?

ORP is measured in millivolts (mV) using an ORP meter. A positive ORP reading indicates that a substance is an oxidizing agent. A negative ORP reading indicates that a substance is a reducing agent. The lower the reading, the more anti-oxidizing it is.

What is a good ORP level?

Normal tap water, bottled water, rain water, and so forth, have a positive ORP generally between 200-400 mV,⁸ and even as high as 500-600 mV depending on location.

Does pH affect voltage?

pH Electrodes At a pH of 7 (neutral), the electrodes will produce 0 volts between them. At a low pH (acid) a voltage will be developed of one polarity, and at a high pH (caustic) a voltage will be developed of the opposite polarity.

What is Nernst equation and its application?

Even under non-standard conditions, the cell potentials of electrochemical cells can be determined with the help of the Nernst equation. The Nernst equation is often used to calculate the cell potential of an electrochemical cell at any given temperature, pressure, and reactant concentration.